Session: 12-20-01: Functional Origami and Kirigami-inspired Structures and Metamaterials

Paper Number: 119960

119960 - 3d Curvilinear Morphing of Origami by 4d Printed Panel Deformation 

Morphing or self-folding origami has numerous potential future engineering applications, including robotic materials, mechanical metamaterials, antennas, space structures, and biomaterials due to the transformation of 3D shapes from 2D planes. However, the current 1D hinge deformation-driven transformation of foldable origami with rigid panels cannot achieve a 3D complex curvilinear morphing. Here, we explore a new morphing method of origami with panels' deformation and integrate it with an extrusion-based 4D printing of shape memory polymers to demonstrate the self-deployment of origami panels to 3D curvilinear shapes. In our direct 4D printing with shape memory polymers (SMP), we implement the self-folding mechanism by introducing anisotropic deformation to the panels of printed origami. The deformation modes are then encoded into the printed origami due to the shape-locking property of SMPs, which does not require a mechanical loading process to program the self-folding. Subsequently, we develop a thermomechanical model to describe the double-curvature bending of origami panels, which is utilized to design the self-folding of a Yoshimura-inspired pattern. Our thermomechanical model utilizes the Classical Laminate Plate Theory to predict the double-curvature bending deformation of panels and aligns the deformed configurations according to a mathematical relationship derived from the Yoshimura pattern. Based on the Yoshimura-inspired pattern, we investigate the effect of panel connectivity by varying the hinge positions and stiffness. We further explore the structure-level shape locking due to instability and the material-level shape locking due to the shape memory effect. A tunable bistability diagram for the vertex-connected Yoshimura-inspired pattern is constructed based on Finite Element Simulations and experimental verifications. Besides the Yoshimura-inspired pattern with the same deformation modes at each panel, we develop an origami-inspired human mask pattern that adopts five different deformation modes to show a multimodal shape morphing of panels. We also validate our technique with a wrapping pattern and a Kresling pattern.

Integrating isotropic SMP’s natural anisotropic mechanical training during an extrusion-based 3D printing with the thermomechanics of printed laminate can realize panel deformation-driven morphing with six different deformation modes, producing 3D continuous curvilinear morphing of origami structures. By implementing SMP-based direct 4D printing and analyzing with a thermomechanical model, our approach is untethered, multimodal transformable, capable of selective actuation with shape locking, and promising for instability. This self-folding mechanism can open up new paths for origami-based robotics based on instability, adaptive biomedical devices requiring both reconfigurability and tunable stiffness, multimodal morphing structures, and mechanical computing devices that can harness the multi-level shape-locking property. Our unique morphing provides multimodal, reversible, and nonreciprocal transformations with multimodal shape locking. Our panel deformation-driven morphing opens a new branch of a morphing method for active origami to transform a flat panel to a 3D free-form shape with non-zero Gaussian curvatures.

Presenting Author: Zihe Liang UM-SJTU Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Presenting Author Biography: Zihe Liang is currently a master candidate at Shanghai Jiao Tong University under the supervision of Prof. Jaehyung Ju. His research interests are 3D/4D printing of origami structures and microrobots.

Authors:

Zihe Liang UM-SJTU Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Sibo Chai School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University
Qinyun Ding School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University
Jiayao Ma School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University
Jaehyung Ju UM-SJTU Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University