Session: 16-01-01: Government Agency Student Poster Competition

Paper Number: 150828

150828 - Influence of Laser Power Bed Fusion Parameters on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Functionally Graded In718/ss316l Materials 

Alloys such as Inconel 718 and stainless steel 316L are extensively utilized in high-strength, corrosion-resistant applications, notably in gas turbines and energy sector components. Traditionally, these materials were fabricated separately using conventional manufacturing methods and subsequently joined either permanently through welding or brazing or temporarily via mechanical fastening. However, advancements in additive manufacturing (AM), particularly laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), have revolutionized the production of multi-material constructs, enabling the creation of functionally graded materials (FGMs) with superior properties. This study focuses on the characterization of the microstructure, element distribution, phase distribution, and microhardness of the interface between Inconel 718 (IN718) and stainless steel 316L (SS316L) under different processing parameters. By examining how variations in laser power, scan speed, layer thickness, and hatch spacing affect the bonding and properties of the IN-SS interface, the research aims to optimize the LPBF process for producing high-quality FGMs. The findings indicate that strong bonding is achieved at the IN-SS interface, facilitated by the remelting of pre-printed SS layers and the infiltration of liquid IN into the sub-surface of the SS via keyhole cavities. This results in a keyhole mode of the melt pool at the interface, confirming excellent bonding. Microstructural analysis reveals a seamless transition at the interface, with no significant defects or discontinuities. The mechanical properties, evidenced by microhardness measurements and micro-indentation testing, demonstrate a gradual change across the interface, indicating a well-graded transition zone. Elemental analysis using Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) shows significant migration of atoms between IN718 and SS316L, particularly nickel (Ni) from IN718 and iron (Fe) from SS316L. This interdiffusion contributes to the formation of a robust bond at the interface and plays a crucial role in the mechanical performance of the graded material. The phase distribution analysis further supports the presence of mixed phases in the transition zone, which enhances the material's overall properties. The study underscores the potential of additive manufacturing in creating robust, multi-material components with enhanced performance characteristics. By optimizing LPBF processing parameters, it is possible to produce functionally graded IN718/SS316L materials that exhibit superior mechanical properties, excellent bonding, and improved resistance to corrosion and high temperatures. These advancements pave the way for the development of next-generation components for high-strength, corrosion-resistant applications in various industries. In conclusion, this research highlights the significance of processing parameters in LPBF additive manufacturing for producing high-quality functionally graded materials. The insights gained from this study can guide the design and fabrication of advanced multi-material components, expanding the potential applications of additive manufacturing in creating customized, high-performance materials tailored to specific engineering requirements.

Presenting Author: Sara Ranjbareslamloo University of Toledo

Presenting Author Biography: Sara Ranjbareslamloo is a Ph.D. student at the University of Toledo, where she is dedicated to advancing the field of additive manufacturing through the in-depth characterization of metals. Her research aims to understand the microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and performance of metal components fabricated using additive manufacturing techniques. By analyzing factors such as phase distribution, element migration, and bonding quality, Sara's work contributes to optimizing manufacturing processes and developing innovative, high-strength, corrosion-resistant materials for various industrial applications. Her commitment to excellence in research is driving forward the capabilities and applications of additive manufacturing technologies.

Authors:

Sara Ranjbareslamloo University of Toledo
Anwar Al Gamal University of Toledo
Gabriel Awuku Dzukey University of Toledo
Ala Qattawi University of Toledo