Session: 17-01-01 Research Posters

Paper Number: 76816

Start Time: Thursday, 02:25 PM

76816 - On the Development of Ultrasonic Characteristics of Bone Using Acoustics Waves 

The structure of the bone is porous and spongy. It consists of a solid skeleton and pores which are filled with a viscous bone marrow. More precisely, the main formation of the bone structure is composed of a compact layer, which is a dense tissue found on the outside of a bone, and a spongy layer (cancellous bone) inside the bone structure, which is filled with bone marrow. This combination of a dense tissue, spongy tissue and fluid make bone a unique biological material.

Osteoporosis is a degenerating disease that may cause a bone to break eventually. A way of monitoring the situation is to employ X-ray Absorptiometry (XA) to assess if a difference has happened in bone mineral density. XA tests have been widely used as a bone density test for the hip and spine, which can be a predictor of the likelihood of future breaks in other bones. Bone density in other bones such as the lower arm, wrist, finger, or heel can be measured through peripheral tests, also called screening tests, such as quantitative ultrasound (QUS). The results of screening tests for osteoporosis diagnosis are much less accurate and cannot be compared with the results of an XA test. One of the reasons for the limitations of QUS techniques in diagnosing bone loss is the lack of understanding of the mechanism of ultrasound wave propagation through a porous, complex bone structure. Despite these issues, some features of the QUS technique make it yet very appealing for bone loss detection. For instance, QUS packages are smaller and portable in comparison to bulky MRI or X-ray techniques. Also, they are relatively cheap, do not utilize harmful radiations, and are recognized as a non-invasive technique. In order to understand the mechanism of ultrasound wave propagation through the complex structure of a cancellous bone, the biomechanical models considering the vicious interchange between the viscous pore fluid and the solid skeletal frame should be developed. In order to understand the mechanism of ultrasound wave Propagation through the complex structure of a cancellous bone, the biomechanical models considering the vicious interchange between the viscous pore fluid and the solid skeletal frame should be developed. This abstract aims to pave the way to understanding the biomechanical behavior of bone-like porous materials, i.e. cancellous bones, subject to different types of acoustical waves; and characterizing the cancellous bone’s biomechanical parameters for bone loss diagnosis using machine learning and inverse technique. The order of this abstract is to consider the effect of transverse waves on bone modeling and bone diagnosis. Then developing a three-dimensional acoustic model for cancellous bone. Next, presenting a neural network as a forward solver in order to obtain acoustic transmission signals from the bone. Then, estimating important parameters of bone that are sensitive to transmission and are biomarkers of osteoporosis prediction. Finally, considering the effect of longitudinal and transverse waves on estimating biomarkers.

Presenting Author: Mohammad Hodaei University of Manitoba

Authors:

Mohammad Hodaei University of Manitoba
Pooneh Maghoul university of Manitoba