Session: 06-14-01: Biotechnology and General Applications

Paper Number: 119944

119944 - The Effectiveness of Osteogenic Progenitor and Osteocyte-Like Cell Seeding, Attachment, Proliferation, and Integration Into Biologically Compatible 3d Printed Bone Scaffolds 

According to National Osteoporosis Foundation, approximately 10 million Americans have osteoporosis and another 44 million have low bone density, placing them at increased risk of breaking their bone. In addition to that, about 1.5 million individuals suffer a fracture due to bone disease each year and one in two women and up to one in four men over age 50 will break a bone due to osteoporosis. In addition to osteoporosis, bone tissue defects may arise from trauma, a broken bone for example, or disease, such as cancer, congenital bone malformations, etc. A smart bone scaffold manufactured for the patient’s skeletal disorder or injury can be promising solution to track cell proliferation and tissue regeneration. Although bone scaffold research has made encouraging progress in recent years, the new materials and manufacturing techniques can improve patient recovery as medical science advances to identify new ways to address trauma and diseases that affect the structure of bone. Moreover, the current bone scaffolds lack from establishing a feedback loop to monitor the bone proliferation progress. Smart bone scaffold with strain sensing capability will be a potential candidate for next generations bone scaffold. The purpose of this study is to investigate and choose the appropriate materials to manufacture the patient and injury specific smart bone scaffolds, which will eventually provide all information about the progress of bone regeneration. We selected in-situ shear exfoliated polymer nanocomposites as printing ink since three-dimensional printed smart bone scaffold can simultaneously act as strain sensor. The nanocomposite is prepared by an innovative in-situ shear exfoliation of graphite to graphene within thermoplastic (Polyvinylidene fluoride and polysulfone) or thermoset (silicone) matrix, which ensures uniform dispersion, property enhancement and strong filler-matrix bonding. Significant mechanical and electrical property enhancement was observed with 35-40% filler loading. Moreover, these nanocomposites were used as ink for customized direct ink writing for fabrication of smart bone scaffold. However, the observation and estimation of these materials within biological environment is essential because 3D printed bone scaffold implanted in the patient should be biocompatible and accommodate cell growth. Cells can grow on different shapes and sizes of porosity of bone scaffolds as well as exposed to different materials. The insights of cell proliferation on three dimensional (3D) printed materials will guide the selection of the necessary range of materials for bone scaffold applications. In this study, human MG-63 cell line is used to observe the proliferation on 3D printed bone scaffolds. After following all the biological protocols, it is observed that the cells are growing on 3D printed surfaces. In future, we will investigate 3D printed smart bone scaffold for wireless sensing of strains that can be induced during bone proliferation process. Details of 3D manufactured bone scaffolds of nanocomposites materials and cell proliferation on the scaffolds will be presented.

Presenting Author: Sheikh Ferdous Penn State Harrisburg

Presenting Author Biography: Dr. Ferdous is currently working as an assistant professor at Penn State Harrisburg. He was assistant Professor at the Indiana State University before joining at PSH. Prior to that, he served as a lecturer as the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth. Before that, he was appointed as a visiting assistant professor at Binghamton University – SUNY. His research interests include nano-mechanics and nano-composites, multi-functional materials, polymer nano-composites, multi-scale modeling, bio-mechanics, resilient ceramic materials, and engineering education. His teaching interest area covers capstone design, mechanics of materials, machine design, materials science, kinematics, engineering economics, etc. He received his Ph.D. from University of Texas at Arlington in mechanical engineering in 2015

Authors:

Sheikh Ferdous Penn State Harrisburg
Md Ashiqur Rahman The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Md. Abdur Rahman Bin Abdus Salam The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Ali Ashraf The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
Kristopher Schwab Indiana State University