Session: 07-07-02: Computational Modeling in Biomedical Applications II

Paper Number: 167505

A Novel Design of a Porous Artificial Hip Joint Model to Optimize the Implant Load-Bearing Capacity 

Nowadays, the number of patients requiring hip replacement surgery is increasing due to osteoarthritis in the elderly or accidents in young people. The artificial hip joint is not only the main weight-bearing part of the body but also fatigues and wears out over a long period of activity in the human body. Therefore, the materials used to manufacture hip joints require durability and biocompatibility. The implant material must be compatible with the surrounding environment, meaning it must not be toxic to surrounding tissues. In addition, the implant material must have mechanical properties compatible with bone, meaning it must have an elastic modulus and strength equivalent to that of human cortical bone. The structure of the artificial joint consists of the main parts: cup, liner, head, and stem. The current hip joint structure has a liner made of high-density polyethylene plastic, while the cup, head, and stem are made of metal such as Titanium and cobalt-chromium alloy. These are materials that have good biocompatibility with the human body but are much more durable than human bones, which is the main reason for shielding stress. Therefore, one of the issues to consider after hip surgery is the ability to shield the stress that leads to bone loss and destruction of the connection between bone and implant after surgery, causing joint loosening. In this study, a porous hip joint structure design is proposed to optimize the load-bearing capacity of the hip joint and reduce the shielding stress after surgery. The hip joint model examined in this paper has an improved design with a hollow head, a porous stem with different hollow structures and densities, and a stem surrounded by a bone block. The finite element method (based on Ansys software) is used to analyze the biomechanical behavior of the artificial hip joint and the interaction between the joint and surrounding bone during the activities of young patients, including daily activities and dynamic movements such as climbing stairs, playing sports, etc. The results presented in this paper include stress and deformation distribution on the joint components and the bone. In addition, the sliding distance and contact pressure between the joint components, between the joint and the bone were also investigated. From the results obtained, the study has proposed several hip joint designs that ensure sufficient durability and reduce joint laxity during patient activities.

Keywords: Artificial Hip Joint, stress shielding, porous hip joint, biomechanical, human activities.

Presenting Author: Truong Do VinUniversity

Presenting Author Biography: - 2019 - Present: Faculty at College of Engineering, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam
- 2018 - 2019: Postdoc researcher, Additive Manufacturing Center, University of Louisville, USA
- 2012 – 2018: Graduate researcher, Advanced Manufacturing Lab, Michigan State University, USA
- 2005 – 2012: Faculty at Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Transport and Communications

Authors:

Nam Bich Thi Le Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST)
Dat Thanh Le Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST)
Dat Tien Nguyen Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST)
Trung Nguyen Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST)
Lan Xuan Phung Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST)
Truong Do VinUniversity