Session: 10-06-01: Fluid Mechanics, Machine Learning and Predictive Simulations in Fluid Flows, Aerospace Systems, Thermodynamics, Heat Transfer, Energy Systems, Fluid Power and Pneumatic systems, and Renewable Energy Applications I

Paper Number: 165903

Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of a Wing Profile: A Four-Week Project at the University of Minho 

This study presents the results of an intensive four-week project undertaken by Master’s students in Aerospace Engineering at the University of Minho as part of the Aeroelasticity curricular unit. The course is structured into three components: solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, and a final integrative project. In this final phase, students were challenged to develop and analyze a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model of a wing profile of their choice, applying theoretical knowledge to a practical scenario.

The project aimed to provide hands-on experience in key CFD simulation aspects using Ansys, including geometry creation, mesh generation, flow analysis, and result interpretation. The primary objective was to predict and analyze the aerodynamic characteristics of the selected wing profile under varying flow conditions, reinforcing the students' ability to apply fluid mechanics principles and numerical techniques within a constrained timeframe. Progress was monitored through classes, supplemented by additional meetings as needed to ensure timely completion.

Students began by selecting a representative wing profile and generating a geometric model suitable for CFD analysis. An online source was used to create an accurate sketch, followed by computational mesh generation. Various meshing strategies, including structured and unstructured grids, were explored to optimize resolution and accuracy. Special attention was given to boundary layer meshing to capture viscous effects near the wing surface. Although mesh refinement studies were limited due to time constraints, students prioritized mesh quality assessment before proceeding with simulations.

The flow analysis, conducted in Ansys Fluent, involved implementing appropriate turbulence models to simulate complex flow phenomena. The analysis included evaluating flow velocities, lift, drag, and pressure distribution. Visualizations such as pressure contours, velocity vectors, and streamlines provided a comprehensive understanding of flow behavior.

The results demonstrated a strong correlation between CFD simulations and theoretical predictions, validating the accuracy of the models and methodologies used. Characteristic lift and drag curves were analyzed. The pressure distribution analysis identified high- and low-pressure regions, explaining lift generation and adverse pressure gradients. Velocity vector and streamline visualizations offered insights into boundary layer development, flow separation, and vortex formation, key factors in aerodynamic performance.

This project effectively enhanced students' proficiency in CFD modeling, fostering a deeper understanding of aerodynamic principles. It demonstrated their ability to develop and analyze computational simulations within a limited timeframe, reinforcing skills in mesh generation, flow analysis, and result interpretation. The experience served as valuable preparation for future aerospace engineering challenges. Moving forward, future iterations of the project will incorporate Fluid-Structure Interaction simulations to expand students' expertise in aeroelastic phenomena.

Presenting Author: Violeta Carvalho Universidade do Minho

Presenting Author Biography: Violeta Meneses Carvalho completed the Integrated Master in Biomedical Engineering in 2020 by the University of Minho and her area of expertise is Biomaterials, Rehabilitation, and Biomechanics. Currently, she is an invited assistant at the Mechanical Engineering Department where teaches fluid mechanics, and aeroelasticity. At the same time, she is performing a PhD in the Mechanical Engineering Doctoral program at the University of Minho focused on the development of a preclinical organ-on-a-chip platform for nanomedicine. In the scope of the PhD, she performed an internship at INL, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory and at Shin’s Laboratory -Harvard Medical School through a Fullbright/FCT grant. Up to now, she published 29 papers in indexed journals, 2 books, 1 edited book, 28 conference papers, 3 conference posters, and 6 conference abstracts.

Authors:

Violeta Carvalho Universidade do Minho
Senhorinha Teixeira Universidade do Minho
José Teixeira Universidade do Minho