Session: 11-17-01: Micro/Nanofluidics 2025 - Fluid Engineering in Micro- and Nanosystems

Paper Number: 165826

Magnetohydrodynamic Stratified Nanofluid Flow With Newtonian Heating, Heat Flux, and Waste Management 

Effective fluid flow heat control and waste management are critical for improving energy efficiency and sustainability in various engineering and industrial applications. These include thermal power plants, polymer processing, chemical industries, and advanced cooling systems. Addressing these challenges, this study explores the heat and mass transfer behavior of stratified magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) nanofluid flow under the influence of Cattaneo-Christov heat flux and convective boundary conditions (CBC) while considering Newtonian heating (NH). The research provides an in-depth analysis of thermal stratification effects, with the goal of optimizing heat dissipation and advancing environmentally sustainable fluid management strategies.

To accurately model the physical problem, a system of nonlinear coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) is developed to represent momentum, heat, and mass transfer phenomena in an electrically conducting nanofluid medium. These governing equations are transformed into dimensionless ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using similarity transformations, reducing computational complexity while preserving essential physics. The transformed system is then numerically solved using MATLAB's bvp4c solver, a highly effective tool for handling boundary value problems in fluid mechanics and thermal transport systems.

The study systematically investigates the effects of multiple governing parameters, including Hartmann number (M), stratification factors (St1, St2), thermal relaxation parameter (λ1), Biot number, Brownian motion parameter (Nb), thermophoresis parameter (Nt), concentration relaxation parameter (λ2), pollutant source strength (R), and pollutant source variation parameter (n), on velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions. The numerical results are presented graphically and in tabular form, illustrating the intricate interplay between these variables. It is observed that an increase in the Hartmann number (M) significantly reduces velocity, a result attributed to the Lorentz force-induced resistance acting on the nanofluid. Likewise, an increase in the thermal relaxation parameter (λ1) leads to a drop in temperature distribution, demonstrating the non-Fourier heat conduction effects inherent in the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model. Furthermore, the study examines how waste management strategies influence heat dissipation, providing valuable insights into optimizing thermal performance in energy-intensive industries.

The validity of the numerical approach is confirmed through a comparative analysis with previous literature, ensuring high accuracy and reliability. The findings contribute significantly to the broader fields of energy-efficient fluid management, industrial nanofluid applications, and sustainable engineering solutions. By offering detailed insights into enhanced heat transfer mechanisms, pollutant diffusion, and MHD-driven fluid control, this study lays a foundation for future innovations in waste heat recovery, next-generation cooling technologies, and environmentally conscious industrial fluid systems.

Keywords: Magnetohydrodynamics, Newtonian Heating, Waste Management, Thermal Stratification, Cattaneo-Christov Heat Flux, Convective Boundary Conditions, Nanofluid Flow, Numerical Simulation, Heat Transfer Optimization, Industrial Waste Management, Sustainable Fluid Engineering.

Presenting Author: Kishwat Ijaz Malik Montana State University

Presenting Author Biography: Dr. Muhammad Imran Anwar is a Professor of Mathematics for the University of Sargodha and Head of the Department at Govt. Post Graduate College Jhang. With 18 years of teaching experience, he specializes in Computational Fluid Mechanics, Heat and Mass Transfer, and Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD).

He holds a Ph.D. in Computational Applied Mathematics from University Technology Malaysia (UTM) and has completed a Post-Doctoral Fellowship at Nazarbayev University, Kazakhstan. Dr. Anwar has published more than 50 research papers in international journals and presented at numerous global conferences. His research focuses on nanofluid dynamics, numerical simulations, and mathematical modeling.

Beyond academia, he has contributed to industrial research, including the Oil Fouling Project for PETRONAS Malaysia. He has also supervised multiple Ph.D. and M.Phil. theses, fostering research excellence in applied mathematics.

Authors:

Kishwat Ijaz Malik Montana State University
Mohsin Ali University of Sargodha
Muhammad Imran Anwar University of Sargodha